RESEARCH BACK UP

1.0 INTRODUCTION There are important events and personalities that contributed immensely to the development of the Nigerian press. One of the significant contributors was John Payne Jackson. He established the Weekly Record after a quarrel with Blaize. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to:  write the profile of John Payne Jackson  discuss the formation of Lagos Weekly Record   state categorically the issues that attracted the attention of the Weekly Record.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Profile of John Payne Jackson Born in Gape Palmas (at about 1847) in the small African colony of Maryland, which united with Liberia to the north in the late fifties, Payne inherited his father’s painstaking disposition and incisive intellect. His father who migrated from Maryland USA was known as Thomas Jackson. At the age four, he lost his father. This tragedy is assumed to have made Payne self-assertive and independent early in life. Payne attended the ...

1.0 INTRODUCTION One of the products of Western education was Nnamdi Azikiwe. He returned from overseas and was determined to fight colonalism through the muzzle of journalism. The West African Pilot was the medium he used to register his misgivings against colonialism as well as rediscover the lost consciousness of the African personality in the grip of colonial powers. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to: • discuss the establishment of the West African Pilot • discuss the editorial policy of the Pilot • pinpoint the contributions of the Pilot to the growth of Nigerian Press • state the political awakening of Nigerians by the Pilot • x- ray the general features of the Pilot. 3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Establishment of the West African Pilot (1937) According to Fred Omu, “in November, 1937 Nnamdi Azikwe started the West African Pilot, which immediately became the major forum of the increased nationalist consciousness which had been awaiting a pote...

1.0 INTRODUCTION Nigeria Independence was made possible by nationalism. One of the men who fought seriously for the liberation of Nigeria from colonial influence and domination was Obafemi Awolowo. Though a lawyer politician, he made extensive use of the media to reposition the Western Nigeria. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to: trace the history of the life of Obafemi Awolowo  discuss the contributions of Awolowo to the growth of the Nigerian media  discuss how Awolowo established the Tribune newspaper.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 The Life of Obafemi Awolowo Chief Obafemi Awolowo was born in 1909 at Ikenne, Ogun State. He founded a political organisation called “OMO Oduduwa,” which later metamorphosed into a political party. Though a layer by profession, he became the first premier of Western Nigeria in 1954 and, later, leader of opposition in the federal parliament. Chief Awolowo was the proprietor of the Nigerian Tribune, a new...

1.0 INTRODUCTION Most of the newspapers available during the colonial era were not published daily. There was a need to publish a newspaper that would inform the people of the daily events happening in the colonial era. The Daily Times was the answer to that challenge. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to:  trace the birth of the Daily Times  define government ownership of the paper   x-ray major highlights of the paper   state clearly the subsidiary publications of the paper.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 The Birth of the Daily Times The greater popularisation of the newspaper as a result of the political ferment of the early 20s and the significant expansion in advertisement patronage stimulated by post-war economy (that is after 1918) increased the attraction of the daily newspaper as a sound, commercial proposition. Some enthusiasm for daily newspapers was also provoked by Governor Clifford’s lament of the absence of such...

1.0 INTRODUCTION News media derive their content from many sources. One of the veritable sources of news is the news agencies. The difference is that media houses subscribe for the news with money. It is not free. News Agency of Nigeria (NAN) is founded for the same purpose to service the Nigerian mass media. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to: trace the origin of News Agency of Nigeria  discuss the functions of NAN and the services rendered by the agency.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Origin of NAN A new development in the history of the mass media in Nigeria took place in 1976 with the establishment of an independent wire service-the NAN by the Federal Government. NAN came into existence through the News Agency of Nigeria Decree No. 19 of 1976, which made NAN’s function straight and plain. Before the birth of NAN, the Nigerian mass media - print and electronic, were heavily subscribing to foreign news agencies based in the dev...

1.0 INTRODUCTION Deregulation involves a complete shift from government ownership of the broadcasting media to private ownership. The public participation in the broadcasting industry opens a chapter in the emancipation of the media in Nigeria. Since the 1990s, many privately owned electronic media have sprung in all parts of Nigeria, adding flavour to what the Nigerian audience received as programme content for government-owned radio and television. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this, you should be able to:  trace the history of deregulation of broadcasting in Nigeria  discuss how AIT was founded   discuss the coverage extent of AIT   discuss the problem of deregulation in the country.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 History of Deregulation of Broadcasting in Nigeria The clamour for deregulation of the broadcasting media in Nigeria began during the colonial era when the nationalists pressured the British government to allow the indigenous partic...

1.0 INTRODUCTION As a journalist, you need to know the basis of your freedom. As such, this unit will look at the freedom of expression, press freedom as enunciated by international laws and conventions and of course the Nigerian Constitution. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to: define press freedom  differentiate between the freedom of expression and press freedom   identify the limitation of your freedom as a journalist working in Nigeria.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 The Meaning of Press Freedom Liberty or freedom of expression and the meaning: • Laying no previous restraint upon publication. Liberty of the press means laying no previous or prior censorship of publication. Every person has the right to lay what sentiments,facts, information or publication he has before the public. To forbid this right is to destroy freedom of expression and the press; but, • Where a person publishes what is unlawful, criminal, defamatory or mischi...

1.0 INTRODUCTION The early 1980’s witnessed the emergence of modern newspapers in Nigeria. One significant factor about these newspapers was the availability of trained and skilled manpower to undertake the task of informing, educating and entertaining the people. Moreover, individual business rather than government established them all. 2.0 OBJECTIVE At the end of this unit, you should be able to:  trace the history of modern newspapers in Nigeria.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 The Guardian The Guardian newspaper is one of the outstanding newspapers in Nigeria. It was established on the 27th of February 1983 by Alex Ibru from Delta State, among those who weaned the paper at the cradle stage were Dr. Dele Cole, Dr Stanley Macebuh and Segun Osoba who were all former executives of Daily Times. The motto of the paper is “Conscience, Nurtured by Truth” and to some reasonable extent, it tries to live up to this motto. 3.2 Editorial Policy of the Guardian The Guardian being...

   1.0 INTRODUCTION Broadcasting in Nigeria was the answer to the British quest for communication to her West African colonies. From Britain, radio broadcasting, which began with the Radio Distribution Service (RDS) in Nigeria spread like the harmattan wind to the other parts of the country. All the phases of the development of radio signaled the advancement of the medium. 2.0 OBJECTIVES  At the end of this unit, you should be able to: recount the history of broadcasting in Nigeria   discuss NBS transformation into NBC, regional broadcasting  trace history of television broadcasting and the Nigeria Television Authority, among others.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 History of Radio Broadcasting in Nigeria The history of radio broadcasting in Nigeria dates back to the year 1932 when the British colonial administration in Lagos relayed the first British Empire service to Nigerians from Daventry, England. The establishment of radio broadcasting in Nigeria w...

1.0 INTRODUCTION The mass media have been around us for many centuries and affect every aspect of our daily lives. At times, most of the mass media users are the captive audience.  The issues in this unit will discuss the meaning and types of communication media and socialisation. 2.0 OBJECTIVES At the end of this unit, you should be able to:  define mass media   discuss the different types of mass communication  discuss mass communication media and media and socialisation.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Definition of Mass Media Concisely, the term mass media simply translates to the modern means of giving news, opinion, education, entertainment and agenda-setting to large numbers of people, especially through radio, television, newspapers, magazines and films. According to Joseph Dominick (2009:36), a medium is the channel through which a message travels from the source to the receiver (medium” as singular, media” is plural). When we talk about m...

1.0 INTRODUCTION Historical records show that indigenous newspapers started from Western Nigeria, particularly Badagry, the headquarters of Iwe Irohin. Gradually, the nationalist consciousness spread to the East and North with the publication of many newspapers by easterners and northerners. Some of these newspapers contributed immensely to the actualisation of Nigeria as a nation. 2.0 OBJECTIVE At the end of this unit, you should be able to:  discuss the expansion of newspapers in the East and North.  3.0 MAIN CONTENT 3.1 Gaskiya Tafi Kwabo and Citizen These two newspapers belonged to the northern-based political party the Northern Peoples’ Congress (NPC). They also emerged as rivals to the Party newspapers established by the NCNC and Action Group. Gaskiya Tafi kwabo an Hausa language newspaper was founded on 1st January, 1939 by the Gaskiya Corporation which later added to its stable, the Citizen, another weekly that (later) metamorphosed into the 54 New Nigerian on...